河南科技大学学报：自然科学版

开挖直径为12 m级超大竖井钻机驱动装置主轴承常面临恶劣的服役环境，为探究其复杂接触的特性，研究建立了1.9 m级推力调心滚子轴承的有限元模型，在ANSYS Workbench平台开展瞬态动力学分析，系统研究轴向载荷、转速、曲率半径比和接触角对轴承接触特性的影响以及冲击载荷对轴承滚子与内圈的影响规律。结果表明：转速对轴承接触特性影响较小，轴向载荷与滚子及内外圈的最大等效应力呈近似线性关系；接触应力沿滚子母线分布呈现显著的边缘效应，最大接触应力为2 179.2 MPa。曲率半径比为1.04,接触角为48°时，接触应力分布均匀性得到显著改善，最大接触应力下降为1 720 MPa;冲击载荷脉冲宽度由40 ms减少到20 ms时，滚子速度和加速度响应增幅为3～4倍，而轴向位移主要与脉冲幅度正相关。

This study investigated the contact characteristics of the main bearing in a drive unit of a 12 m-class super-large vertical shaft drilling rig under harsh operating conditions. A finite element model of a 1. 9 m-class thrust self-aligning roller bearing was developed, and transient dynamic analysis was performed on the ANSYS Workbench platform. The effects of axial load, rotational speed, curvature radius ratio, and contact angle on the bearing contact characteristics, as well as the influence of shock loads on the rollers and inner ring, were systematically examined. The results show that rotational speed has little influence on the contact characteristics of the bearing, whereas the axial load is approximately linearly correlated with the maximum equivalent stress on the rollers, inner ring, and outer ring. The contact stress along the roller generatrix exhibits a significant edge effect, with a maximum contact stress of 2 179. 2 MPa. When the curvature radius ratio is 1. 04 and the contact angle is 48°, the uniformity of the contact stress distribution improves significantly, and the maximum contact stress decreases to 1 720 MPa. When the shock load pulse width is reduced from 40 ms to 20 ms, the velocity and acceleration responses of the rollers increase by 3 ～ 4 times, while the axial displacement is primarily positively correlated with the pulse amplitude.