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针对燃料电池用空压机电机机壳水冷流道进行设计与分析。首先，使用Motor-CAD软件进行电磁仿真，确定热源及其发热功率。依据发热功率确定冷却液流量，计算了气隙和电机主要接触面的对流换热系数。使用ANSYS-Fluent软件建立了螺旋流道水冷电机的流固耦合模型，使用PT100热电阻温度传感器测得电机内部温度，对端部绕组处的温度进行了验证。对原设计流道在正常温度工况(冷却液温度75℃左右)和高温极限工况(冷却液温度85℃左右)下进行电机温升评估，发现在正常温度工况下，原设计流道可以保证电机正常工作要求，但在高温极限工况下，原流道设计会使得电机右侧端部绕组存在局部过热，超出H级绝缘电机温升限值125.00 K。提出了流道优化方案，通过减缓流道截面积增大的速度，减缓流体流速的下降速率。与原设计流道相比，优化后的流道使得局部过热部位的冷却流体流速增大，这增强了冷却液与电机的换热效果。仿真结果表明：在高温极限工况，优化后流道的截面变化率更小，流速下降平缓，优化后流道内壁面温度由356.50 K下降至354.85 K,端部绕组的局部热点最高温度由433.09 K降至422.92 K。与原设计方案相比，优化后的端部绕组局部热点温度降低了10.17 K,温升为124.92 K,低于温升限值125.00 K,流道冷却效果明显优化。
Abstract：The water-cooled flow channel in the casing of air compressor motor for fuel cell was designed and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, motor-CAD was used for electromagnetic simulation to determine the heat sources and heating power. Based on the heating power, the coolant flow rate was determined, and the convective heat transfer coefficients of the air gap and the main contact areas of the motor were calculated. A fluid-solid coupling model of the spiral-flow-channel water-cooled motor was established in ANSYS-Fluent software. The temperature at the end-region winding was validated by measuring the internal temperature of the motor using a PT100 platinum resistance temperature detector. The temperature rises of the motor was evaluated for the original flow channel under normal temperature conditions(coolant temperature≈75 ℃) and high-temperature limit conditions(coolant temperature≈85 ℃). The results show that the original design could meet the normal motor operation under normal temperature conditions. Under high-temperature limit conditions, the original design caused local overheating in the motor's right end-region winding, exceeding the H-level insulation temperature rise limit of 125.00 K. An optimized flow channel design was proposed to reduce the rate of cross-sectional area increase, thereby slowing the decrease in fluid velocity. Compared with the original design, the optimized channel increased the flow velocity at the overheating region, enhancing the coolant-motor heat transfer. The simulations results indicate that under high-temperature limit conditions, the optimized channel had a smaller cross-section change rate and a slower velocity reduction. The inner wall temperature decreased from 356.50 K to 354.85 K, and the maximum end-winding hot spot temperature decreased from 433.09 K to 422.92 K. Compared with the original design, the optimized end-region winding exhibits a reduction of 10.17 K in the local hot spot temperature. Furthermore, the temperature rise is 124.92 K, which is below the specified limit of 125.00 K. This demonstrates a significant improvement in the cooling performance of the flow channel.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15926/j.cnki.issn1672-6871.2025.04.002
中图分类号:U469.7;TM911.4;TM341
引用信息:
[1]李民,李阳阳,范晨阳等.燃料电池用空压机驱动电机电磁热分析与冷却系统优化[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2025,46(04):8-16+117-118.DOI:10.15926/j.cnki.issn1672-6871.2025.04.002.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52006054); 河南省重点研发专项(231111242000)